AI Glossary: Letter "H"

Hallucination is a phenomenon where a Large Language Model (LLM) generates outputs that are factually incorrect, nonsensical, or ungrounded in real-world data. It occurs because LLMs predict word probabilities rather than referencing a direct database of facts.

A Hidden Layer is a layer of neurons located between the input layer and the output layer in an artificial neural network, responsible for extracting and learning abstract features from input data.

Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) is a design pattern in autonomous systems and machine learning workflows that requires human intervention or approval at key checkpoints before executing critical, irreversible, or high-risk actions.

Hybrid Search is a retrieval technique that combines dense vector search (semantic similarity) with sparse keyword search (BM25 lexical matching). By merging their results, it captures both high-level meaning and precise keyword matches.

Hyperautomation is an enterprise operational strategy focused on identifying, vetting, and automating as many business and IT processes as possible using AI, Robotic Process Automation (RPA), and low-code orchestrations.

A Hyperparameter is a configuration variable whose value is set before the machine learning training process begins. Unlike standard parameters (weights and biases) which are learned automatically during training, hyperparameters control the learning behavior itself.

A Hyperplane is a subspace whose dimension is one less than that of its ambient space. In machine learning, it acts as a decision boundary to separate different data classes.